/*
 * Copyright 2022-2024 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
 * this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
 * in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
 * https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
 */

#include <openssl/macros.h>
#include <openssl/objects.h>
#include <openssl/sslerr.h>
#include <crypto/rand.h>
#include "quic_local.h"
#include "internal/quic_tls.h"
#include "internal/quic_rx_depack.h"
#include "internal/quic_error.h"
#include "internal/time.h"

typedef struct qctx_st QCTX;

static void aon_write_finish(QUIC_XSO *xso);
static int create_channel(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc);
static QUIC_XSO *create_xso_from_stream(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, QUIC_STREAM *qs);
static int qc_try_create_default_xso_for_write(QCTX *ctx);
static int qc_wait_for_default_xso_for_read(QCTX *ctx, int peek);
static void quic_lock(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc);
static void quic_unlock(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc);
static void quic_lock_for_io(QCTX *ctx);
static int quic_do_handshake(QCTX *ctx);
static void qc_update_reject_policy(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc);
static void qc_touch_default_xso(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc);
static void qc_set_default_xso(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, QUIC_XSO *xso, int touch);
static void qc_set_default_xso_keep_ref(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, QUIC_XSO *xso,
                                        int touch, QUIC_XSO **old_xso);
static SSL *quic_conn_stream_new(QCTX *ctx, uint64_t flags, int need_lock);
static int quic_validate_for_write(QUIC_XSO *xso, int *err);
static int quic_mutation_allowed(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, int req_active);
static int qc_blocking_mode(const QUIC_CONNECTION *qc);
static int xso_blocking_mode(const QUIC_XSO *xso);

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Common Utilities
 * ========================================
 */

/*
 * Block until a predicate is met.
 *
 * Precondition: Must have a channel.
 * Precondition: Must hold channel lock (unchecked).
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int block_until_pred(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc,
                            int (*pred)(void *arg), void *pred_arg,
                            uint32_t flags)
{
    QUIC_REACTOR *rtor;

    assert(qc->ch != NULL);

    /*
     * Any attempt to block auto-disables tick inhibition as otherwise we will
     * hang around forever.
     */
    ossl_quic_channel_set_inhibit_tick(qc->ch, 0);

    rtor = ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(qc->ch);
    return ossl_quic_reactor_block_until_pred(rtor, pred, pred_arg, flags,
                                              qc->mutex);
}

static OSSL_TIME get_time(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    if (qc->override_now_cb != NULL)
        return qc->override_now_cb(qc->override_now_cb_arg);
    else
        return ossl_time_now();
}

static OSSL_TIME get_time_cb(void *arg)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = arg;

    return get_time(qc);
}

/*
 * QCTX is a utility structure which provides information we commonly wish to
 * unwrap upon an API call being dispatched to us, namely:
 *
 *   - a pointer to the QUIC_CONNECTION (regardless of whether a QCSO or QSSO
 *     was passed);
 *   - a pointer to any applicable QUIC_XSO (e.g. if a QSSO was passed, or if
 *     a QCSO with a default stream was passed);
 *   - whether a QSSO was passed (xso == NULL must not be used to determine this
 *     because it may be non-NULL when a QCSO is passed if that QCSO has a
 *     default stream);
 *   - whether we are in "I/O context", meaning that non-normal errors can
 *     be reported via SSL_get_error() as well as via ERR. Functions such as
 *     SSL_read(), SSL_write() and SSL_do_handshake() are "I/O context"
 *     functions which are allowed to change the value returned by
 *     SSL_get_error. However, other functions (including functions which call
 *     SSL_do_handshake() implicitly) are not allowed to change the return value
 *     of SSL_get_error.
 */
struct qctx_st {
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc;
    QUIC_XSO        *xso;
    int             is_stream, in_io;
};

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void quic_set_last_error(QCTX *ctx, int last_error)
{
    if (!ctx->in_io)
        return;

    if (ctx->is_stream && ctx->xso != NULL)
        ctx->xso->last_error = last_error;
    else if (!ctx->is_stream && ctx->qc != NULL)
        ctx->qc->last_error = last_error;
}

/*
 * Raise a 'normal' error, meaning one that can be reported via SSL_get_error()
 * rather than via ERR. Note that normal errors must always be raised while
 * holding a lock.
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_raise_normal_error(QCTX *ctx,
                                   int err)
{
    assert(ctx->in_io);
    quic_set_last_error(ctx, err);

    return 0;
}

/*
 * Raise a 'non-normal' error, meaning any error that is not reported via
 * SSL_get_error() and must be reported via ERR.
 *
 * qc should be provided if available. In exceptional circumstances when qc is
 * not known NULL may be passed. This should generally only happen when an
 * expect_...() function defined below fails, which generally indicates a
 * dispatch error or caller error.
 *
 * ctx should be NULL if the connection lock is not held.
 */
static int quic_raise_non_normal_error(QCTX *ctx,
                                       const char *file,
                                       int line,
                                       const char *func,
                                       int reason,
                                       const char *fmt,
                                       ...)
{
    va_list args;

    if (ctx != NULL) {
        quic_set_last_error(ctx, SSL_ERROR_SSL);

        if (reason == SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN && ctx->qc != NULL)
            ossl_quic_channel_restore_err_state(ctx->qc->ch);
    }

    ERR_new();
    ERR_set_debug(file, line, func);

    va_start(args, fmt);
    ERR_vset_error(ERR_LIB_SSL, reason, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);

    return 0;
}

#define QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, err)                       \
    quic_raise_normal_error((ctx), (err))

#define QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, reason, msg)           \
    quic_raise_non_normal_error((ctx),                          \
                                OPENSSL_FILE, OPENSSL_LINE,     \
                                OPENSSL_FUNC,                   \
                                (reason),                       \
                                (msg))

/*
 * Given a QCSO or QSSO, initialises a QCTX, determining the contextually
 * applicable QUIC_CONNECTION pointer and, if applicable, QUIC_XSO pointer.
 *
 * After this returns 1, all fields of the passed QCTX are initialised.
 * Returns 0 on failure. This function is intended to be used to provide API
 * semantics and as such, it invokes QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR() on failure.
 */
static int expect_quic(const SSL *s, QCTX *ctx)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc;
    QUIC_XSO *xso;

    ctx->qc         = NULL;
    ctx->xso        = NULL;
    ctx->is_stream  = 0;

    if (s == NULL)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_PASSED_NULL_PARAMETER, NULL);

    switch (s->type) {
    case SSL_TYPE_QUIC_CONNECTION:
        qc              = (QUIC_CONNECTION *)s;
        ctx->qc         = qc;
        ctx->xso        = qc->default_xso;
        ctx->is_stream  = 0;
        ctx->in_io      = 0;
        return 1;

    case SSL_TYPE_QUIC_XSO:
        xso             = (QUIC_XSO *)s;
        ctx->qc         = xso->conn;
        ctx->xso        = xso;
        ctx->is_stream  = 1;
        ctx->in_io      = 0;
        return 1;

    default:
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
    }
}

/*
 * Like expect_quic(), but requires a QUIC_XSO be contextually available. In
 * other words, requires that the passed QSO be a QSSO or a QCSO with a default
 * stream.
 *
 * remote_init determines if we expect the default XSO to be remotely created or
 * not. If it is -1, do not instantiate a default XSO if one does not yet exist.
 *
 * Channel mutex is acquired and retained on success.
 */
QUIC_ACQUIRES_LOCK
static int ossl_unused expect_quic_with_stream_lock(const SSL *s, int remote_init,
                                                    int in_io, QCTX *ctx)
{
    if (!expect_quic(s, ctx))
        return 0;

    if (in_io)
        quic_lock_for_io(ctx);
    else
        quic_lock(ctx->qc);

    if (ctx->xso == NULL && remote_init >= 0) {
        if (!quic_mutation_allowed(ctx->qc, /*req_active=*/0)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
            goto err;
        }

        /* If we haven't finished the handshake, try to advance it. */
        if (quic_do_handshake(ctx) < 1)
            /* ossl_quic_do_handshake raised error here */
            goto err;

        if (remote_init == 0) {
            if (!qc_try_create_default_xso_for_write(ctx))
                goto err;
        } else {
            if (!qc_wait_for_default_xso_for_read(ctx, /*peek=*/0))
                goto err;
        }

        ctx->xso = ctx->qc->default_xso;
    }

    if (ctx->xso == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_NO_STREAM, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    return 1; /* coverity[missing_unlock]: lock held */

err:
    quic_unlock(ctx->qc);
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Like expect_quic(), but fails if called on a QUIC_XSO. ctx->xso may still
 * be non-NULL if the QCSO has a default stream.
 */
static int ossl_unused expect_quic_conn_only(const SSL *s, QCTX *ctx)
{
    if (!expect_quic(s, ctx))
        return 0;

    if (ctx->is_stream)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_CONN_USE_ONLY, NULL);

    return 1;
}

/*
 * Ensures that the channel mutex is held for a method which touches channel
 * state.
 *
 * Precondition: Channel mutex is not held (unchecked)
 */
static void quic_lock(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
#if defined(OPENSSL_THREADS)
    ossl_crypto_mutex_lock(qc->mutex);
#endif
}

static void quic_lock_for_io(QCTX *ctx)
{
    quic_lock(ctx->qc);
    ctx->in_io = 1;

    /*
     * We are entering an I/O function so we must update the values returned by
     * SSL_get_error and SSL_want. Set no error. This will be overridden later
     * if a call to QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR or QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR
     * occurs during the API call.
     */
    quic_set_last_error(ctx, SSL_ERROR_NONE);
}

/* Precondition: Channel mutex is held (unchecked) */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void quic_unlock(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
#if defined(OPENSSL_THREADS)
    ossl_crypto_mutex_unlock(qc->mutex);
#endif
}

/*
 * This predicate is the criterion which should determine API call rejection for
 * *most* mutating API calls, particularly stream-related operations for send
 * parts.
 *
 * A call is rejected (this function returns 0) if shutdown is in progress
 * (stream flushing), or we are in a TERMINATING or TERMINATED state. If
 * req_active=1, the connection must be active (i.e., the IDLE state is also
 * rejected).
 */
static int quic_mutation_allowed(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, int req_active)
{
    if (qc->shutting_down || ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(qc->ch))
        return 0;

    if (req_active && !ossl_quic_channel_is_active(qc->ch))
        return 0;

    return 1;
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Initialization
 * ======================================
 *
 *         SSL_new                  => ossl_quic_new
 *                                     ossl_quic_init
 *         SSL_reset                => ossl_quic_reset
 *         SSL_clear                => ossl_quic_clear
 *                                     ossl_quic_deinit
 *         SSL_free                 => ossl_quic_free
 *
 *         SSL_set_options          => ossl_quic_set_options
 *         SSL_get_options          => ossl_quic_get_options
 *         SSL_clear_options        => ossl_quic_clear_options
 *
 */

/* SSL_new */
SSL *ossl_quic_new(SSL_CTX *ctx)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = NULL;
    SSL *ssl_base = NULL;
    SSL_CONNECTION *sc = NULL;

    qc = OPENSSL_zalloc(sizeof(*qc));
    if (qc == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_CRYPTO_LIB, NULL);
        return NULL;
    }
#if defined(OPENSSL_THREADS)
    if ((qc->mutex = ossl_crypto_mutex_new()) == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_CRYPTO_LIB, NULL);
        goto err;
    }
#endif

    /* Initialise the QUIC_CONNECTION's stub header. */
    ssl_base = &qc->ssl;
    if (!ossl_ssl_init(ssl_base, ctx, ctx->method, SSL_TYPE_QUIC_CONNECTION)) {
        ssl_base = NULL;
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    qc->tls = ossl_ssl_connection_new_int(ctx, TLS_method());
    if (qc->tls == NULL || (sc = SSL_CONNECTION_FROM_SSL(qc->tls)) == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    /* override the user_ssl of the inner connection */
    sc->s3.flags |= TLS1_FLAGS_QUIC;

    /* Restrict options derived from the SSL_CTX. */
    sc->options &= OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS_CONN;
    sc->pha_enabled = 0;

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_QUIC_THREAD_ASSIST)
    qc->is_thread_assisted
        = (ssl_base->method == OSSL_QUIC_client_thread_method());
#endif

    qc->as_server       = 0; /* TODO(QUIC SERVER): add server support */
    qc->as_server_state = qc->as_server;

    qc->default_stream_mode     = SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_AUTO_BIDI;
    qc->default_ssl_mode        = qc->ssl.ctx->mode;
    qc->default_ssl_options     = qc->ssl.ctx->options & OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS;
    qc->desires_blocking        = 1;
    qc->blocking                = 0;
    qc->incoming_stream_policy  = SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_AUTO;
    qc->last_error              = SSL_ERROR_NONE;

    if (!create_channel(qc))
        goto err;

    ossl_quic_channel_set_msg_callback(qc->ch, ctx->msg_callback, ssl_base);
    ossl_quic_channel_set_msg_callback_arg(qc->ch, ctx->msg_callback_arg);

    qc_update_reject_policy(qc);

    /*
     * We do not create the default XSO yet. The reason for this is that the
     * stream ID of the default XSO will depend on whether the stream is client
     * or server-initiated, which depends on who transmits first. Since we do
     * not know whether the application will be using a client-transmits-first
     * or server-transmits-first protocol, we defer default XSO creation until
     * the client calls SSL_read() or SSL_write(). If it calls SSL_read() first,
     * we take that as a cue that the client is expecting a server-initiated
     * stream, and vice versa if SSL_write() is called first.
     */
    return ssl_base;

err:
    if (ssl_base == NULL) {
#if defined(OPENSSL_THREADS)
        ossl_crypto_mutex_free(&qc->mutex);
#endif
        OPENSSL_free(qc);
    } else {
        SSL_free(ssl_base);
    }
    return NULL;
}

/* SSL_free */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
void ossl_quic_free(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int is_default;

    /* We should never be called on anything but a QSO. */
    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (ctx.is_stream) {
        /*
         * When a QSSO is freed, the XSO is freed immediately, because the XSO
         * itself only contains API personality layer data. However the
         * underlying QUIC_STREAM is not freed immediately but is instead marked
         * as deleted for later collection.
         */

        assert(ctx.qc->num_xso > 0);
        --ctx.qc->num_xso;

        /* If a stream's send part has not been finished, auto-reset it. */
        if ((   ctx.xso->stream->send_state == QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_READY
             || ctx.xso->stream->send_state == QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_SEND)
            && !ossl_quic_sstream_get_final_size(ctx.xso->stream->sstream, NULL))
            ossl_quic_stream_map_reset_stream_send_part(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx.qc->ch),
                                                        ctx.xso->stream, 0);

        /* Do STOP_SENDING for the receive part, if applicable. */
        if (   ctx.xso->stream->recv_state == QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_RECV
            || ctx.xso->stream->recv_state == QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_SIZE_KNOWN)
            ossl_quic_stream_map_stop_sending_recv_part(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx.qc->ch),
                                                        ctx.xso->stream, 0);

        /* Update stream state. */
        ctx.xso->stream->deleted = 1;
        ossl_quic_stream_map_update_state(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx.qc->ch),
                                          ctx.xso->stream);

        is_default = (ctx.xso == ctx.qc->default_xso);
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);

        /*
         * Unref the connection in most cases; the XSO has a ref to the QC and
         * not vice versa. But for a default XSO, to avoid circular references,
         * the QC refs the XSO but the XSO does not ref the QC. If we are the
         * default XSO, we only get here when the QC is being torn down anyway,
         * so don't call SSL_free(qc) as we are already in it.
         */
        if (!is_default)
            SSL_free(&ctx.qc->ssl);

        /* Note: SSL_free calls OPENSSL_free(xso) for us */
        return;
    }

    /*
     * Free the default XSO, if any. The QUIC_STREAM is not deleted at this
     * stage, but is freed during the channel free when the whole QSM is freed.
     */
    if (ctx.qc->default_xso != NULL) {
        QUIC_XSO *xso = ctx.qc->default_xso;

        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        SSL_free(&xso->ssl);
        quic_lock(ctx.qc);
        ctx.qc->default_xso = NULL;
    }

    /* Ensure we have no remaining XSOs. */
    assert(ctx.qc->num_xso == 0);

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_QUIC_THREAD_ASSIST)
    if (ctx.qc->is_thread_assisted && ctx.qc->started) {
        ossl_quic_thread_assist_wait_stopped(&ctx.qc->thread_assist);
        ossl_quic_thread_assist_cleanup(&ctx.qc->thread_assist);
    }
#endif

    SSL_free(ctx.qc->tls);

    ossl_quic_channel_free(ctx.qc->ch);

    BIO_free_all(ctx.qc->net_rbio);
    BIO_free_all(ctx.qc->net_wbio);

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc); /* tsan doesn't like freeing locked mutexes */
#if defined(OPENSSL_THREADS)
    ossl_crypto_mutex_free(&ctx.qc->mutex);
#endif

    /*
     * Note: SSL_free (that called this function) calls OPENSSL_free(ctx.qc) for
     * us
     */
}

/* SSL method init */
int ossl_quic_init(SSL *s)
{
    /* Same op as SSL_clear, forward the call. */
    return ossl_quic_clear(s);
}

/* SSL method deinit */
void ossl_quic_deinit(SSL *s)
{
    /* No-op. */
}

/* SSL_clear (ssl_reset method) */
int ossl_quic_reset(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    ERR_raise(ERR_LIB_SSL, ERR_R_UNSUPPORTED);
    return 0;
}

/* ssl_clear method (unused) */
int ossl_quic_clear(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    ERR_raise(ERR_LIB_SSL, ERR_R_UNSUPPORTED);
    return 0;
}

int ossl_quic_conn_set_override_now_cb(SSL *s,
                                       OSSL_TIME (*now_cb)(void *arg),
                                       void *now_cb_arg)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    ctx.qc->override_now_cb     = now_cb;
    ctx.qc->override_now_cb_arg = now_cb_arg;

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

void ossl_quic_conn_force_assist_thread_wake(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return;

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_QUIC_THREAD_ASSIST)
    if (ctx.qc->is_thread_assisted && ctx.qc->started)
        ossl_quic_thread_assist_notify_deadline_changed(&ctx.qc->thread_assist);
#endif
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void qc_touch_default_xso(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    qc->default_xso_created = 1;
    qc_update_reject_policy(qc);
}

/*
 * Changes default XSO. Allows caller to keep reference to the old default XSO
 * (if any). Reference to new XSO is transferred from caller.
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void qc_set_default_xso_keep_ref(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, QUIC_XSO *xso,
                                        int touch,
                                        QUIC_XSO **old_xso)
{
    int refs;

    *old_xso = NULL;

    if (qc->default_xso != xso) {
        *old_xso = qc->default_xso; /* transfer old XSO ref to caller */

        qc->default_xso = xso;

        if (xso == NULL) {
            /*
             * Changing to not having a default XSO. XSO becomes standalone and
             * now has a ref to the QC.
             */
            if (!ossl_assert(SSL_up_ref(&qc->ssl)))
                return;
        } else {
            /*
             * Changing from not having a default XSO to having one. The new XSO
             * will have had a reference to the QC we need to drop to avoid a
             * circular reference.
             *
             * Currently we never change directly from one default XSO to
             * another, though this function would also still be correct if this
             * weren't the case.
             */
            assert(*old_xso == NULL);

            CRYPTO_DOWN_REF(&qc->ssl.references, &refs);
            assert(refs > 0);
        }
    }

    if (touch)
        qc_touch_default_xso(qc);
}

/*
 * Changes default XSO, releasing the reference to any previous default XSO.
 * Reference to new XSO is transferred from caller.
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void qc_set_default_xso(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, QUIC_XSO *xso, int touch)
{
    QUIC_XSO *old_xso = NULL;

    qc_set_default_xso_keep_ref(qc, xso, touch, &old_xso);

    if (old_xso != NULL)
        SSL_free(&old_xso->ssl);
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void xso_update_options(QUIC_XSO *xso)
{
    int cleanse = ((xso->ssl_options & SSL_OP_CLEANSE_PLAINTEXT) != 0);

    if (xso->stream->rstream != NULL)
        ossl_quic_rstream_set_cleanse(xso->stream->rstream, cleanse);

    if (xso->stream->sstream != NULL)
        ossl_quic_sstream_set_cleanse(xso->stream->sstream, cleanse);
}

/*
 * SSL_set_options
 * ---------------
 *
 * Setting options on a QCSO
 *   - configures the handshake-layer options;
 *   - configures the default data-plane options for new streams;
 *   - configures the data-plane options on the default XSO, if there is one.
 *
 * Setting options on a QSSO
 *   - configures data-plane options for that stream only.
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
static uint64_t quic_mask_or_options(SSL *ssl, uint64_t mask_value, uint64_t or_value)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    uint64_t hs_mask_value, hs_or_value, ret;

    if (!expect_quic(ssl, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (!ctx.is_stream) {
        /*
         * If we were called on the connection, we apply any handshake option
         * changes.
         */
        hs_mask_value = (mask_value & OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS_CONN);
        hs_or_value   = (or_value   & OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS_CONN);

        SSL_clear_options(ctx.qc->tls, hs_mask_value);
        SSL_set_options(ctx.qc->tls, hs_or_value);

        /* Update defaults for new streams. */
        ctx.qc->default_ssl_options
            = ((ctx.qc->default_ssl_options & ~mask_value) | or_value)
              & OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS;
    }

    if (ctx.xso != NULL) {
        ctx.xso->ssl_options
            = ((ctx.xso->ssl_options & ~mask_value) | or_value)
            & OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS_STREAM;

        xso_update_options(ctx.xso);
    }

    ret = ctx.is_stream ? ctx.xso->ssl_options : ctx.qc->default_ssl_options;

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

uint64_t ossl_quic_set_options(SSL *ssl, uint64_t options)
{
    return quic_mask_or_options(ssl, 0, options);
}

/* SSL_clear_options */
uint64_t ossl_quic_clear_options(SSL *ssl, uint64_t options)
{
    return quic_mask_or_options(ssl, options, 0);
}

/* SSL_get_options */
uint64_t ossl_quic_get_options(const SSL *ssl)
{
    return quic_mask_or_options((SSL *)ssl, 0, 0);
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Network BIO Configuration
 * =================================================
 *
 * Handling the different BIOs is difficult:
 *
 *   - It is more or less a requirement that we use non-blocking network I/O;
 *     we need to be able to have timeouts on recv() calls, and make best effort
 *     (non blocking) send() and recv() calls.
 *
 *     The only sensible way to do this is to configure the socket into
 *     non-blocking mode. We could try to do select() before calling send() or
 *     recv() to get a guarantee that the call will not block, but this will
 *     probably run into issues with buggy OSes which generate spurious socket
 *     readiness events. In any case, relying on this to work reliably does not
 *     seem sane.
 *
 *     Timeouts could be handled via setsockopt() socket timeout options, but
 *     this depends on OS support and adds another syscall to every network I/O
 *     operation. It also has obvious thread safety concerns if we want to move
 *     to concurrent use of a single socket at some later date.
 *
 *     Some OSes support a MSG_DONTWAIT flag which allows a single I/O option to
 *     be made non-blocking. However some OSes (e.g. Windows) do not support
 *     this, so we cannot rely on this.
 *
 *     As such, we need to configure any FD in non-blocking mode. This may
 *     confound users who pass a blocking socket to libssl. However, in practice
 *     it would be extremely strange for a user of QUIC to pass an FD to us,
 *     then also try and send receive traffic on the same socket(!). Thus the
 *     impact of this should be limited, and can be documented.
 *
 *   - We support both blocking and non-blocking operation in terms of the API
 *     presented to the user. One prospect is to set the blocking mode based on
 *     whether the socket passed to us was already in blocking mode. However,
 *     Windows has no API for determining if a socket is in blocking mode (!),
 *     therefore this cannot be done portably. Currently therefore we expose an
 *     explicit API call to set this, and default to blocking mode.
 *
 *   - We need to determine our initial destination UDP address. The "natural"
 *     way for a user to do this is to set the peer variable on a BIO_dgram.
 *     However, this has problems because BIO_dgram's peer variable is used for
 *     both transmission and reception. This means it can be constantly being
 *     changed to a malicious value (e.g. if some random unrelated entity on the
 *     network starts sending traffic to us) on every read call. This is not a
 *     direct issue because we use the 'stateless' BIO_sendmmsg and BIO_recvmmsg
 *     calls only, which do not use this variable. However, we do need to let
 *     the user specify the peer in a 'normal' manner. The compromise here is
 *     that we grab the current peer value set at the time the write BIO is set
 *     and do not read the value again.
 *
 *   - We also need to support memory BIOs (e.g. BIO_dgram_pair) or custom BIOs.
 *     Currently we do this by only supporting non-blocking mode.
 *
 */

/*
 * Determines what initial destination UDP address we should use, if possible.
 * If this fails the client must set the destination address manually, or use a
 * BIO which does not need a destination address.
 */
static int csm_analyse_init_peer_addr(BIO *net_wbio, BIO_ADDR *peer)
{
    if (BIO_dgram_detect_peer_addr(net_wbio, peer) <= 0)
        return 0;

    return 1;
}

static int qc_can_support_blocking_cached(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    QUIC_REACTOR *rtor = ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(qc->ch);

    return ossl_quic_reactor_can_poll_r(rtor)
        && ossl_quic_reactor_can_poll_w(rtor);
}

static void qc_update_can_support_blocking(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    ossl_quic_channel_update_poll_descriptors(qc->ch); /* best effort */
}

static void qc_update_blocking_mode(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    qc->blocking = qc->desires_blocking && qc_can_support_blocking_cached(qc);
}

void ossl_quic_conn_set0_net_rbio(SSL *s, BIO *net_rbio)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return;

    if (ctx.qc->net_rbio == net_rbio)
        return;

    if (!ossl_quic_channel_set_net_rbio(ctx.qc->ch, net_rbio))
        return;

    BIO_free_all(ctx.qc->net_rbio);
    ctx.qc->net_rbio = net_rbio;

    if (net_rbio != NULL)
        BIO_set_nbio(net_rbio, 1); /* best effort autoconfig */

    /*
     * Determine if the current pair of read/write BIOs now set allows blocking
     * mode to be supported.
     */
    qc_update_can_support_blocking(ctx.qc);
    qc_update_blocking_mode(ctx.qc);
}

void ossl_quic_conn_set0_net_wbio(SSL *s, BIO *net_wbio)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return;

    if (ctx.qc->net_wbio == net_wbio)
        return;

    if (!ossl_quic_channel_set_net_wbio(ctx.qc->ch, net_wbio))
        return;

    BIO_free_all(ctx.qc->net_wbio);
    ctx.qc->net_wbio = net_wbio;

    if (net_wbio != NULL)
        BIO_set_nbio(net_wbio, 1); /* best effort autoconfig */

    /*
     * Determine if the current pair of read/write BIOs now set allows blocking
     * mode to be supported.
     */
    qc_update_can_support_blocking(ctx.qc);
    qc_update_blocking_mode(ctx.qc);
}

BIO *ossl_quic_conn_get_net_rbio(const SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    return ctx.qc->net_rbio;
}

BIO *ossl_quic_conn_get_net_wbio(const SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    return ctx.qc->net_wbio;
}

int ossl_quic_conn_get_blocking_mode(const SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (ctx.is_stream)
        return xso_blocking_mode(ctx.xso);

    return qc_blocking_mode(ctx.qc);
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_conn_set_blocking_mode(SSL *s, int blocking)
{
    int ret = 0;
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    /* Sanity check - can we support the request given the current network BIO? */
    if (blocking) {
        /*
         * If called directly on a QCSO, update our information on network BIO
         * capabilities.
         */
        if (!ctx.is_stream)
            qc_update_can_support_blocking(ctx.qc);

        /* Cannot enable blocking mode if we do not have pollable FDs. */
        if (!qc_can_support_blocking_cached(ctx.qc)) {
            ret = QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_UNSUPPORTED, NULL);
            goto out;
        }
    }

    if (!ctx.is_stream)
        /*
         * If called directly on a QCSO, update default and connection-level
         * blocking modes.
         */
        ctx.qc->desires_blocking = (blocking != 0);

    if (ctx.xso != NULL) {
        /*
         * If called on a QSSO or a QCSO with a default XSO, update the blocking
         * mode.
         */
        ctx.xso->desires_blocking       = (blocking != 0);
        ctx.xso->desires_blocking_set   = 1;
    }

    ret = 1;
out:
    qc_update_blocking_mode(ctx.qc);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

int ossl_quic_conn_set_initial_peer_addr(SSL *s,
                                         const BIO_ADDR *peer_addr)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (ctx.qc->started)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_SHOULD_NOT_HAVE_BEEN_CALLED,
                                       NULL);

    if (peer_addr == NULL) {
        BIO_ADDR_clear(&ctx.qc->init_peer_addr);
        return 1;
    }

    ctx.qc->init_peer_addr = *peer_addr;
    return 1;
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Asynchronous I/O Management
 * ===================================================
 *
 *   (BIO/)SSL_handle_events        => ossl_quic_handle_events
 *   (BIO/)SSL_get_event_timeout    => ossl_quic_get_event_timeout
 *   (BIO/)SSL_get_poll_fd          => ossl_quic_get_poll_fd
 *
 */

/* Returns 1 if the connection is being used in blocking mode. */
static int qc_blocking_mode(const QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    return qc->blocking;
}

static int xso_blocking_mode(const QUIC_XSO *xso)
{
    if (xso->desires_blocking_set)
        return xso->desires_blocking && qc_can_support_blocking_cached(xso->conn);
    else
        /* Only ever set if we can support blocking. */
        return xso->conn->blocking;
}

/* SSL_handle_events; performs QUIC I/O and timeout processing. */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_handle_events(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);
    if (ctx.qc->started)
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch), 0);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_event_timeout. Get the time in milliseconds until the SSL object
 * should next have events handled by the application by calling
 * SSL_handle_events(). tv is set to 0 if the object should have events handled
 * immediately. If no timeout is currently active, *is_infinite is set to 1 and
 * the value of *tv is undefined.
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_get_event_timeout(SSL *s, struct timeval *tv, int *is_infinite)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    OSSL_TIME deadline = ossl_time_infinite();

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (ctx.qc->started)
        deadline
            = ossl_quic_reactor_get_tick_deadline(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch));

    if (ossl_time_is_infinite(deadline)) {
        *is_infinite = 1;

        /*
         * Robustness against faulty applications that don't check *is_infinite;
         * harmless long timeout.
         */
        tv->tv_sec  = 1000000;
        tv->tv_usec = 0;

        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return 1;
    }

    *tv = ossl_time_to_timeval(ossl_time_subtract(deadline, get_time(ctx.qc)));
    *is_infinite = 0;
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

/* SSL_get_rpoll_descriptor */
int ossl_quic_get_rpoll_descriptor(SSL *s, BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR *desc)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (desc == NULL || ctx.qc->net_rbio == NULL)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
                                       NULL);

    return BIO_get_rpoll_descriptor(ctx.qc->net_rbio, desc);
}

/* SSL_get_wpoll_descriptor */
int ossl_quic_get_wpoll_descriptor(SSL *s, BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR *desc)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (desc == NULL || ctx.qc->net_wbio == NULL)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
                                       NULL);

    return BIO_get_wpoll_descriptor(ctx.qc->net_wbio, desc);
}

/* SSL_net_read_desired */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_get_net_read_desired(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int ret;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);
    ret = ossl_quic_reactor_net_read_desired(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch));
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/* SSL_net_write_desired */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_get_net_write_desired(SSL *s)
{
    int ret;
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);
    ret = ossl_quic_reactor_net_write_desired(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch));
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Connection Lifecycle Operations
 * =======================================================
 *
 *         SSL_do_handshake         => ossl_quic_do_handshake
 *         SSL_set_connect_state    => ossl_quic_set_connect_state
 *         SSL_set_accept_state     => ossl_quic_set_accept_state
 *         SSL_shutdown             => ossl_quic_shutdown
 *         SSL_ctrl                 => ossl_quic_ctrl
 *   (BIO/)SSL_connect              => ossl_quic_connect
 *   (BIO/)SSL_accept               => ossl_quic_accept
 *
 */

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void qc_shutdown_flush_init(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm;

    if (qc->shutting_down)
        return;

    qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch);

    ossl_quic_stream_map_begin_shutdown_flush(qsm);
    qc->shutting_down = 1;
}

/* Returns 1 if all shutdown-flush streams have been done with. */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int qc_shutdown_flush_finished(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch);

    return qc->shutting_down
        && ossl_quic_stream_map_is_shutdown_flush_finished(qsm);
}

/* SSL_shutdown */
static int quic_shutdown_wait(void *arg)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = arg;

    return ossl_quic_channel_is_terminated(qc->ch);
}

/* Returns 1 if shutdown flush process has finished or is inapplicable. */
static int quic_shutdown_flush_wait(void *arg)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = arg;

    return ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(qc->ch)
        || qc_shutdown_flush_finished(qc);
}

static int quic_shutdown_peer_wait(void *arg)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = arg;
    return ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(qc->ch);
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_conn_shutdown(SSL *s, uint64_t flags,
                            const SSL_SHUTDOWN_EX_ARGS *args,
                            size_t args_len)
{
    int ret;
    QCTX ctx;
    int stream_flush = ((flags & SSL_SHUTDOWN_FLAG_NO_STREAM_FLUSH) == 0);
    int no_block = ((flags & SSL_SHUTDOWN_FLAG_NO_BLOCK) != 0);
    int wait_peer = ((flags & SSL_SHUTDOWN_FLAG_WAIT_PEER) != 0);

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return -1;

    if (ctx.is_stream) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_R_CONN_USE_ONLY, NULL);
        return -1;
    }

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_terminated(ctx.qc->ch)) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return 1;
    }

    /* Phase 1: Stream Flushing */
    if (!wait_peer && stream_flush) {
        qc_shutdown_flush_init(ctx.qc);

        if (!qc_shutdown_flush_finished(ctx.qc)) {
            if (!no_block && qc_blocking_mode(ctx.qc)) {
                ret = block_until_pred(ctx.qc, quic_shutdown_flush_wait, ctx.qc, 0);
                if (ret < 1) {
                    ret = 0;
                    goto err;
                }
            } else {
                ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch), 0);
            }
        }

        if (!qc_shutdown_flush_finished(ctx.qc)) {
            quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
            return 0; /* ongoing */
        }
    }

    /* Phase 2: Connection Closure */
    if (wait_peer && !ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(ctx.qc->ch)) {
        if (!no_block && qc_blocking_mode(ctx.qc)) {
            ret = block_until_pred(ctx.qc, quic_shutdown_peer_wait, ctx.qc, 0);
            if (ret < 1) {
                ret = 0;
                goto err;
            }
        } else {
            ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch), 0);
        }

        if (!ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(ctx.qc->ch)) {
            ret = 0; /* peer hasn't closed yet - still not done */
            goto err;
        }

        /*
         * We are at least terminating - go through the normal process of
         * waiting until we are in the TERMINATED state.
         */
    }

    /* Block mutation ops regardless of if we did stream flush. */
    ctx.qc->shutting_down = 1;

    /*
     * This call is a no-op if we are already terminating, so it doesn't
     * affect the wait_peer case.
     */
    ossl_quic_channel_local_close(ctx.qc->ch,
                                  args != NULL ? args->quic_error_code : 0,
                                  args != NULL ? args->quic_reason : NULL);

    SSL_set_shutdown(ctx.qc->tls, SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN);

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_terminated(ctx.qc->ch)) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return 1;
    }

    /* Phase 3: Terminating Wait Time */
    if (!no_block && qc_blocking_mode(ctx.qc)
        && (flags & SSL_SHUTDOWN_FLAG_RAPID) == 0) {
        ret = block_until_pred(ctx.qc, quic_shutdown_wait, ctx.qc, 0);
        if (ret < 1) {
            ret = 0;
            goto err;
        }
    } else {
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch), 0);
    }

    ret = ossl_quic_channel_is_terminated(ctx.qc->ch);
err:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/* SSL_ctrl */
long ossl_quic_ctrl(SSL *s, int cmd, long larg, void *parg)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    switch (cmd) {
    case SSL_CTRL_MODE:
        /* If called on a QCSO, update the default mode. */
        if (!ctx.is_stream)
            ctx.qc->default_ssl_mode |= (uint32_t)larg;

        /*
         * If we were called on a QSSO or have a default stream, we also update
         * that.
         */
        if (ctx.xso != NULL) {
            /* Cannot enable EPW while AON write in progress. */
            if (ctx.xso->aon_write_in_progress)
                larg &= ~SSL_MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE;

            ctx.xso->ssl_mode |= (uint32_t)larg;
            return ctx.xso->ssl_mode;
        }

        return ctx.qc->default_ssl_mode;
    case SSL_CTRL_CLEAR_MODE:
        if (!ctx.is_stream)
            ctx.qc->default_ssl_mode &= ~(uint32_t)larg;

        if (ctx.xso != NULL) {
            ctx.xso->ssl_mode &= ~(uint32_t)larg;
            return ctx.xso->ssl_mode;
        }

        return ctx.qc->default_ssl_mode;

    case SSL_CTRL_SET_MSG_CALLBACK_ARG:
        ossl_quic_channel_set_msg_callback_arg(ctx.qc->ch, parg);
        /* This ctrl also needs to be passed to the internal SSL object */
        return SSL_ctrl(ctx.qc->tls, cmd, larg, parg);

    case DTLS_CTRL_GET_TIMEOUT: /* DTLSv1_get_timeout */
        {
            int is_infinite;

            if (!ossl_quic_get_event_timeout(s, parg, &is_infinite))
                return 0;

            return !is_infinite;
        }
    case DTLS_CTRL_HANDLE_TIMEOUT: /* DTLSv1_handle_timeout */
        /* For legacy compatibility with DTLS calls. */
        return ossl_quic_handle_events(s) == 1 ? 1 : -1;

        /* Mask ctrls we shouldn't support for QUIC. */
    case SSL_CTRL_GET_READ_AHEAD:
    case SSL_CTRL_SET_READ_AHEAD:
    case SSL_CTRL_SET_MAX_SEND_FRAGMENT:
    case SSL_CTRL_SET_SPLIT_SEND_FRAGMENT:
    case SSL_CTRL_SET_MAX_PIPELINES:
        return 0;

    default:
        /*
         * Probably a TLS related ctrl. Send back to the frontend SSL_ctrl
         * implementation. Either SSL_ctrl will handle it itself by direct
         * access into handshake layer state, or failing that, it will be passed
         * to the handshake layer via the SSL_METHOD vtable. If the ctrl is not
         * supported by anything, the handshake layer's ctrl method will finally
         * return 0.
         */
        return ossl_ctrl_internal(&ctx.qc->ssl, cmd, larg, parg, /*no_quic=*/1);
    }
}

/* SSL_set_connect_state */
void ossl_quic_set_connect_state(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return;

    /* Cannot be changed after handshake started */
    if (ctx.qc->started || ctx.is_stream)
        return;

    ctx.qc->as_server_state = 0;
}

/* SSL_set_accept_state */
void ossl_quic_set_accept_state(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return;

    /* Cannot be changed after handshake started */
    if (ctx.qc->started || ctx.is_stream)
        return;

    ctx.qc->as_server_state = 1;
}

/* SSL_do_handshake */
struct quic_handshake_wait_args {
    QUIC_CONNECTION     *qc;
};

static int tls_wants_non_io_retry(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    int want = SSL_want(qc->tls);

    if (want == SSL_X509_LOOKUP
            || want == SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_CB
            || want == SSL_RETRY_VERIFY)
        return 1;

    return 0;
}

static int quic_handshake_wait(void *arg)
{
    struct quic_handshake_wait_args *args = arg;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(args->qc, /*req_active=*/1))
        return -1;

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_handshake_complete(args->qc->ch))
        return 1;

    if (tls_wants_non_io_retry(args->qc))
        return 1;

    return 0;
}

static int configure_channel(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    assert(qc->ch != NULL);

    if (!ossl_quic_channel_set_net_rbio(qc->ch, qc->net_rbio)
        || !ossl_quic_channel_set_net_wbio(qc->ch, qc->net_wbio)
        || !ossl_quic_channel_set_peer_addr(qc->ch, &qc->init_peer_addr))
        return 0;

    return 1;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int create_channel(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    QUIC_CHANNEL_ARGS args = {0};

    args.libctx     = qc->ssl.ctx->libctx;
    args.propq      = qc->ssl.ctx->propq;
    args.is_server  = qc->as_server;
    args.tls        = qc->tls;
    args.mutex      = qc->mutex;
    args.now_cb     = get_time_cb;
    args.now_cb_arg = qc;

    qc->ch = ossl_quic_channel_new(&args);
    if (qc->ch == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        return 0;
    }

    return 1;
}

/*
 * Configures a channel with the information we have accumulated via calls made
 * to us from the application prior to starting a handshake attempt.
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int ensure_channel_started(QCTX *ctx)
{
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = ctx->qc;

    if (!qc->started) {
        if (!configure_channel(qc)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                        "failed to configure channel");
            return 0;
        }

        if (!ossl_quic_channel_start(qc->ch)) {
            ossl_quic_channel_restore_err_state(qc->ch);
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                        "failed to start channel");
            return 0;
        }

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_QUIC_THREAD_ASSIST)
        if (qc->is_thread_assisted)
            if (!ossl_quic_thread_assist_init_start(&qc->thread_assist, qc->ch,
                                                    qc->override_now_cb,
                                                    qc->override_now_cb_arg)) {
                QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                            "failed to start assist thread");
                return 0;
            }
#endif
    }

    qc->started = 1;
    return 1;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_do_handshake(QCTX *ctx)
{
    int ret;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = ctx->qc;

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_handshake_complete(qc->ch))
        /* Handshake already completed. */
        return 1;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(qc, /*req_active=*/0))
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);

    if (qc->as_server != qc->as_server_state) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT, NULL);
        return -1; /* Non-protocol error */
    }

    if (qc->net_rbio == NULL || qc->net_wbio == NULL) {
        /* Need read and write BIOs. */
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_BIO_NOT_SET, NULL);
        return -1; /* Non-protocol error */
    }

    /*
     * We need to determine our addressing mode. There are basically two
     * ways we can use L4 addresses:
     *
     *   - Addressed mode, in which our BIO_sendmmsg calls have destination
     *     addresses attached to them which we expect the underlying network BIO
     *     to handle;
     *
     *   - Unaddressed mode, in which the BIO provided to us on the
     *     network side neither provides us with L4 addresses nor is capable of
     *     honouring ones we provide. We don't know where the QUIC traffic we
     *     send ends up exactly and trust the application to know what it is
     *     doing.
     *
     * Addressed mode is preferred because it enables support for connection
     * migration, multipath, etc. in the future. Addressed mode is automatically
     * enabled if we are using e.g. BIO_s_datagram, with or without
     * BIO_s_connect.
     *
     * If we are passed a BIO_s_dgram_pair (or some custom BIO) we may have to
     * use unaddressed mode unless that BIO supports capability flags indicating
     * it can provide and honour L4 addresses.
     *
     * Our strategy for determining address mode is simple: we probe the
     * underlying network BIOs for their capabilities. If the network BIOs
     * support what we need, we use addressed mode. Otherwise, we use
     * unaddressed mode.
     *
     * If addressed mode is chosen, we require an initial peer address to be
     * set. If this is not set, we fail. If unaddressed mode is used, we do not
     * require this, as such an address is superfluous, though it can be set if
     * desired.
     */
    if (!qc->started && !qc->addressing_probe_done) {
        long rcaps = BIO_dgram_get_effective_caps(qc->net_rbio);
        long wcaps = BIO_dgram_get_effective_caps(qc->net_wbio);

        qc->addressed_mode_r = ((rcaps & BIO_DGRAM_CAP_PROVIDES_SRC_ADDR) != 0);
        qc->addressed_mode_w = ((wcaps & BIO_DGRAM_CAP_HANDLES_DST_ADDR) != 0);
        qc->addressing_probe_done = 1;
    }

    if (!qc->started && qc->addressed_mode_w
        && BIO_ADDR_family(&qc->init_peer_addr) == AF_UNSPEC) {
        /*
         * We are trying to connect and are using addressed mode, which means we
         * need an initial peer address; if we do not have a peer address yet,
         * we should try to autodetect one.
         *
         * We do this as late as possible because some BIOs (e.g. BIO_s_connect)
         * may not be able to provide us with a peer address until they have
         * finished their own processing. They may not be able to perform this
         * processing until an application has finished configuring that BIO
         * (e.g. with setter calls), which might happen after SSL_set_bio is
         * called.
         */
        if (!csm_analyse_init_peer_addr(qc->net_wbio, &qc->init_peer_addr))
            /* best effort */
            BIO_ADDR_clear(&qc->init_peer_addr);
        else
            ossl_quic_channel_set_peer_addr(qc->ch, &qc->init_peer_addr);
    }

    if (!qc->started
        && qc->addressed_mode_w
        && BIO_ADDR_family(&qc->init_peer_addr) == AF_UNSPEC) {
        /*
         * If we still don't have a peer address in addressed mode, we can't do
         * anything.
         */
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_REMOTE_PEER_ADDRESS_NOT_SET, NULL);
        return -1; /* Non-protocol error */
    }

    /*
     * Start connection process. Note we may come here multiple times in
     * non-blocking mode, which is fine.
     */
    if (!ensure_channel_started(ctx)) /* raises on failure */
        return -1; /* Non-protocol error */

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_handshake_complete(qc->ch))
        /* The handshake is now done. */
        return 1;

    if (!qc_blocking_mode(qc)) {
        /* Try to advance the reactor. */
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(qc->ch), 0);

        if (ossl_quic_channel_is_handshake_complete(qc->ch))
            /* The handshake is now done. */
            return 1;

        if (ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(qc->ch)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
            return 0;
        } else if (qc->desires_blocking) {
            /*
             * As a special case when doing a handshake when blocking mode is
             * desired yet not available, see if the network BIOs have become
             * poll descriptor-enabled. This supports BIOs such as BIO_s_connect
             * which do late creation of socket FDs and therefore cannot expose
             * a poll descriptor until after a network BIO is set on the QCSO.
             */
            assert(!qc->blocking);
            qc_update_can_support_blocking(qc);
            qc_update_blocking_mode(qc);
        }
    }

    /*
     * We are either in blocking mode or just entered it due to the code above.
     */
    if (qc_blocking_mode(qc)) {
        /* In blocking mode, wait for the handshake to complete. */
        struct quic_handshake_wait_args args;

        args.qc     = qc;

        ret = block_until_pred(qc, quic_handshake_wait, &args, 0);
        if (!quic_mutation_allowed(qc, /*req_active=*/1)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
            return 0; /* Shutdown before completion */
        } else if (ret <= 0) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
            return -1; /* Non-protocol error */
        }

        if (tls_wants_non_io_retry(qc)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_get_error(qc->tls, 0));
            return -1;
        }

        assert(ossl_quic_channel_is_handshake_complete(qc->ch));
        return 1;
    }

    if (tls_wants_non_io_retry(qc)) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_get_error(qc->tls, 0));
        return -1;
    }

    /*
     * Otherwise, indicate that the handshake isn't done yet.
     * We can only get here in non-blocking mode.
     */
    QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ);
    return -1; /* Non-protocol error */
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_do_handshake(SSL *s)
{
    int ret;
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock_for_io(&ctx);

    ret = quic_do_handshake(&ctx);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/* SSL_connect */
int ossl_quic_connect(SSL *s)
{
    /* Ensure we are in connect state (no-op if non-idle). */
    ossl_quic_set_connect_state(s);

    /* Begin or continue the handshake */
    return ossl_quic_do_handshake(s);
}

/* SSL_accept */
int ossl_quic_accept(SSL *s)
{
    /* Ensure we are in accept state (no-op if non-idle). */
    ossl_quic_set_accept_state(s);

    /* Begin or continue the handshake */
    return ossl_quic_do_handshake(s);
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Stream Lifecycle Operations
 * ===================================================
 *
 *         SSL_stream_new       => ossl_quic_conn_stream_new
 *
 */

/*
 * Try to create the default XSO if it doesn't already exist. Returns 1 if the
 * default XSO was created. Returns 0 if it was not (e.g. because it already
 * exists). Note that this is NOT an error condition.
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int qc_try_create_default_xso_for_write(QCTX *ctx)
{
    uint64_t flags = 0;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = ctx->qc;

    if (qc->default_xso_created
        || qc->default_stream_mode == SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_NONE)
        /*
         * We only do this once. If the user detaches a previously created
         * default XSO we don't auto-create another one.
         */
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_NO_STREAM, NULL);

    /* Create a locally-initiated stream. */
    if (qc->default_stream_mode == SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_AUTO_UNI)
        flags |= SSL_STREAM_FLAG_UNI;

    qc_set_default_xso(qc, (QUIC_XSO *)quic_conn_stream_new(ctx, flags,
                                                            /*needs_lock=*/0),
                       /*touch=*/0);
    if (qc->default_xso == NULL)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);

    qc_touch_default_xso(qc);
    return 1;
}

struct quic_wait_for_stream_args {
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc;
    QUIC_STREAM     *qs;
    QCTX            *ctx;
    uint64_t        expect_id;
};

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_wait_for_stream(void *arg)
{
    struct quic_wait_for_stream_args *args = arg;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(args->qc, /*req_active=*/1)) {
        /* If connection is torn down due to an error while blocking, stop. */
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(args->ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        return -1;
    }

    args->qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_get_by_id(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(args->qc->ch),
                                              args->expect_id | QUIC_STREAM_DIR_BIDI);
    if (args->qs == NULL)
        args->qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_get_by_id(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(args->qc->ch),
                                                  args->expect_id | QUIC_STREAM_DIR_UNI);

    if (args->qs != NULL)
        return 1; /* stream now exists */

    return 0; /* did not get a stream, keep trying */
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int qc_wait_for_default_xso_for_read(QCTX *ctx, int peek)
{
    /* Called on a QCSO and we don't currently have a default stream. */
    uint64_t expect_id;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = ctx->qc;
    QUIC_STREAM *qs;
    int res;
    struct quic_wait_for_stream_args wargs;
    OSSL_RTT_INFO rtt_info;

    /*
     * If default stream functionality is disabled or we already detached
     * one, don't make another default stream and just fail.
     */
    if (qc->default_xso_created
        || qc->default_stream_mode == SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_NONE)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_NO_STREAM, NULL);

    /*
     * The peer may have opened a stream since we last ticked. So tick and
     * see if the stream with ordinal 0 (remote, bidi/uni based on stream
     * mode) exists yet. QUIC stream IDs must be allocated in order, so the
     * first stream created by a peer must have an ordinal of 0.
     */
    expect_id = qc->as_server
        ? QUIC_STREAM_INITIATOR_CLIENT
        : QUIC_STREAM_INITIATOR_SERVER;

    qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_get_by_id(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch),
                                        expect_id | QUIC_STREAM_DIR_BIDI);
    if (qs == NULL)
        qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_get_by_id(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch),
                                            expect_id | QUIC_STREAM_DIR_UNI);

    if (qs == NULL) {
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(qc->ch), 0);

        qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_get_by_id(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch),
                                            expect_id);
    }

    if (qs == NULL) {
        if (peek)
            return 0;

        if (!qc_blocking_mode(qc))
            /* Non-blocking mode, so just bail immediately. */
            return QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ);

        /* Block until we have a stream. */
        wargs.qc        = qc;
        wargs.qs        = NULL;
        wargs.ctx       = ctx;
        wargs.expect_id = expect_id;

        res = block_until_pred(qc, quic_wait_for_stream, &wargs, 0);
        if (res == 0)
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        else if (res < 0 || wargs.qs == NULL)
            /* quic_wait_for_stream raised error here */
            return 0;

        qs = wargs.qs;
    }

    /*
     * We now have qs != NULL. Remove it from the incoming stream queue so that
     * it isn't also returned by any future SSL_accept_stream calls.
     */
    ossl_statm_get_rtt_info(ossl_quic_channel_get_statm(qc->ch), &rtt_info);
    ossl_quic_stream_map_remove_from_accept_queue(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch),
                                                  qs, rtt_info.smoothed_rtt);

    /*
     * Now make qs the default stream, creating the necessary XSO.
     */
    qc_set_default_xso(qc, create_xso_from_stream(qc, qs), /*touch=*/0);
    if (qc->default_xso == NULL)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);

    qc_touch_default_xso(qc); /* inhibits default XSO */
    return 1;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static QUIC_XSO *create_xso_from_stream(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc, QUIC_STREAM *qs)
{
    QUIC_XSO *xso = NULL;

    if ((xso = OPENSSL_zalloc(sizeof(*xso))) == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_CRYPTO_LIB, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    if (!ossl_ssl_init(&xso->ssl, qc->ssl.ctx, qc->ssl.method, SSL_TYPE_QUIC_XSO)) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    /* XSO refs QC */
    if (!SSL_up_ref(&qc->ssl)) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(NULL, ERR_R_SSL_LIB, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    xso->conn       = qc;
    xso->ssl_mode   = qc->default_ssl_mode;
    xso->ssl_options
        = qc->default_ssl_options & OSSL_QUIC_PERMITTED_OPTIONS_STREAM;
    xso->last_error = SSL_ERROR_NONE;

    xso->stream     = qs;

    ++qc->num_xso;
    xso_update_options(xso);
    return xso;

err:
    OPENSSL_free(xso);
    return NULL;
}

struct quic_new_stream_wait_args {
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc;
    int is_uni;
};

static int quic_new_stream_wait(void *arg)
{
    struct quic_new_stream_wait_args *args = arg;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = args->qc;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(qc, /*req_active=*/1))
        return -1;

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_new_local_stream_admissible(qc->ch, args->is_uni))
        return 1;

    return 0;
}

/* locking depends on need_lock */
static SSL *quic_conn_stream_new(QCTX *ctx, uint64_t flags, int need_lock)
{
    int ret;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = ctx->qc;
    QUIC_XSO *xso = NULL;
    QUIC_STREAM *qs = NULL;
    int is_uni = ((flags & SSL_STREAM_FLAG_UNI) != 0);
    int no_blocking = ((flags & SSL_STREAM_FLAG_NO_BLOCK) != 0);
    int advance = ((flags & SSL_STREAM_FLAG_ADVANCE) != 0);

    if (need_lock)
        quic_lock(qc);

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(qc, /*req_active=*/0)) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    if (!advance
        && !ossl_quic_channel_is_new_local_stream_admissible(qc->ch, is_uni)) {
        struct quic_new_stream_wait_args args;

        /*
         * Stream count flow control currently doesn't permit this stream to be
         * opened.
         */
        if (no_blocking || !qc_blocking_mode(qc)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_STREAM_COUNT_LIMITED, NULL);
            goto err;
        }

        args.qc     = qc;
        args.is_uni = is_uni;

        /* Blocking mode - wait until we can get a stream. */
        ret = block_until_pred(ctx->qc, quic_new_stream_wait, &args, 0);
        if (!quic_mutation_allowed(qc, /*req_active=*/1)) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
            goto err; /* Shutdown before completion */
        } else if (ret <= 0) {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
            goto err; /* Non-protocol error */
        }
    }

    qs = ossl_quic_channel_new_stream_local(qc->ch, is_uni);
    if (qs == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    xso = create_xso_from_stream(qc, qs);
    if (xso == NULL)
        goto err;

    qc_touch_default_xso(qc); /* inhibits default XSO */
    if (need_lock)
        quic_unlock(qc);

    return &xso->ssl;

err:
    OPENSSL_free(xso);
    ossl_quic_stream_map_release(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch), qs);
    if (need_lock)
        quic_unlock(qc);

    return NULL;

}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
SSL *ossl_quic_conn_stream_new(SSL *s, uint64_t flags)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    return quic_conn_stream_new(&ctx, flags, /*need_lock=*/1);
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: Steady-State Operations
 * ===============================================
 *
 * Here we dispatch calls to the steady-state front-end I/O API functions; that
 * is, the functions used during the established phase of a QUIC connection
 * (e.g. SSL_read, SSL_write).
 *
 * Each function must handle both blocking and non-blocking modes. As discussed
 * above, all QUIC I/O is implemented using non-blocking mode internally.
 *
 *         SSL_get_error        => partially implemented by ossl_quic_get_error
 *         SSL_want             => ossl_quic_want
 *   (BIO/)SSL_read             => ossl_quic_read
 *   (BIO/)SSL_write            => ossl_quic_write
 *         SSL_pending          => ossl_quic_pending
 *         SSL_stream_conclude  => ossl_quic_conn_stream_conclude
 *         SSL_key_update       => ossl_quic_key_update
 */

/* SSL_get_error */
int ossl_quic_get_error(const SSL *s, int i)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int net_error, last_error;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);
    net_error = ossl_quic_channel_net_error(ctx.qc->ch);
    last_error = ctx.is_stream ? ctx.xso->last_error : ctx.qc->last_error;
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);

    if (net_error)
        return SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL;

    return last_error;
}

/* Converts a code returned by SSL_get_error to a code returned by SSL_want. */
static int error_to_want(int error)
{
    switch (error) {
    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT: /* never used - UDP is connectionless */
    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT:  /* never used - UDP is connectionless */
    case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN:
    default:
        return SSL_NOTHING;

    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
        return SSL_READING;

    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
        return SSL_WRITING;

    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_RETRY_VERIFY:
        return SSL_RETRY_VERIFY;

    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CLIENT_HELLO_CB:
        return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_CB;

    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP:
        return SSL_X509_LOOKUP;
    }
}

/* SSL_want */
int ossl_quic_want(const SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int w;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return SSL_NOTHING;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    w = error_to_want(ctx.is_stream ? ctx.xso->last_error : ctx.qc->last_error);

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return w;
}

/*
 * SSL_write
 * ---------
 *
 * The set of functions below provide the implementation of the public SSL_write
 * function. We must handle:
 *
 *   - both blocking and non-blocking operation at the application level,
 *     depending on how we are configured;
 *
 *   - SSL_MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE being on or off;
 *
 *   - SSL_MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER.
 *
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void quic_post_write(QUIC_XSO *xso, int did_append, int do_tick)
{
    /*
     * We have appended at least one byte to the stream.
     * Potentially mark stream as active, depending on FC.
     */
    if (did_append)
        ossl_quic_stream_map_update_state(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(xso->conn->ch),
                                          xso->stream);

    /*
     * Try and send.
     *
     * TODO(QUIC FUTURE): It is probably inefficient to try and do this
     * immediately, plus we should eventually consider Nagle's algorithm.
     */
    if (do_tick)
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(xso->conn->ch), 0);
}

struct quic_write_again_args {
    QUIC_XSO            *xso;
    const unsigned char *buf;
    size_t              len;
    size_t              total_written;
    int                 err;
};

/*
 * Absolute maximum write buffer size, enforced to prevent a rogue peer from
 * deliberately inducing DoS. This has been chosen based on the optimal buffer
 * size for an RTT of 500ms and a bandwidth of 100 Mb/s.
 */
#define MAX_WRITE_BUF_SIZE      (6 * 1024 * 1024)

/*
 * Ensure spare buffer space available (up until a limit, at least).
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int sstream_ensure_spare(QUIC_SSTREAM *sstream, uint64_t spare)
{
    size_t cur_sz = ossl_quic_sstream_get_buffer_size(sstream);
    size_t avail = ossl_quic_sstream_get_buffer_avail(sstream);
    size_t spare_ = (spare > SIZE_MAX) ? SIZE_MAX : (size_t)spare;
    size_t new_sz, growth;

    if (spare_ <= avail || cur_sz == MAX_WRITE_BUF_SIZE)
        return 1;

    growth = spare_ - avail;
    if (cur_sz + growth > MAX_WRITE_BUF_SIZE)
        new_sz = MAX_WRITE_BUF_SIZE;
    else
        new_sz = cur_sz + growth;

    return ossl_quic_sstream_set_buffer_size(sstream, new_sz);
}

/*
 * Append to a QUIC_STREAM's QUIC_SSTREAM, ensuring buffer space is expanded
 * as needed according to flow control.
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int xso_sstream_append(QUIC_XSO *xso, const unsigned char *buf,
                              size_t len, size_t *actual_written)
{
    QUIC_SSTREAM *sstream = xso->stream->sstream;
    uint64_t cur = ossl_quic_sstream_get_cur_size(sstream);
    uint64_t cwm = ossl_quic_txfc_get_cwm(&xso->stream->txfc);
    uint64_t permitted = (cwm >= cur ? cwm - cur : 0);

    if (len > permitted)
        len = (size_t)permitted;

    if (!sstream_ensure_spare(sstream, len))
        return 0;

    return ossl_quic_sstream_append(sstream, buf, len, actual_written);
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_write_again(void *arg)
{
    struct quic_write_again_args *args = arg;
    size_t actual_written = 0;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(args->xso->conn, /*req_active=*/1))
        /* If connection is torn down due to an error while blocking, stop. */
        return -2;

    if (!quic_validate_for_write(args->xso, &args->err))
        /*
         * Stream may have become invalid for write due to connection events
         * while we blocked.
         */
        return -2;

    args->err = ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    if (!xso_sstream_append(args->xso, args->buf, args->len, &actual_written))
        return -2;

    quic_post_write(args->xso, actual_written > 0, 0);

    args->buf           += actual_written;
    args->len           -= actual_written;
    args->total_written += actual_written;

    if (args->len == 0)
        /* Written everything, done. */
        return 1;

    /* Not written everything yet, keep trying. */
    return 0;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_write_blocking(QCTX *ctx, const void *buf, size_t len,
                               size_t *written)
{
    int res;
    QUIC_XSO *xso = ctx->xso;
    struct quic_write_again_args args;
    size_t actual_written = 0;

    /* First make a best effort to append as much of the data as possible. */
    if (!xso_sstream_append(xso, buf, len, &actual_written)) {
        /* Stream already finished or allocation error. */
        *written = 0;
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
    }

    quic_post_write(xso, actual_written > 0, 1);

    if (actual_written == len) {
        /* Managed to append everything on the first try. */
        *written = actual_written;
        return 1;
    }

    /*
     * We did not manage to append all of the data immediately, so the stream
     * buffer has probably filled up. This means we need to block until some of
     * it is freed up.
     */
    args.xso            = xso;
    args.buf            = (const unsigned char *)buf + actual_written;
    args.len            = len - actual_written;
    args.total_written  = 0;
    args.err            = ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR;

    res = block_until_pred(xso->conn, quic_write_again, &args, 0);
    if (res <= 0) {
        if (!quic_mutation_allowed(xso->conn, /*req_active=*/1))
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        else
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, args.err, NULL);
    }

    *written = args.total_written;
    return 1;
}

/*
 * Functions to manage All-or-Nothing (AON) (that is, non-ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE)
 * write semantics.
 */
static void aon_write_begin(QUIC_XSO *xso, const unsigned char *buf,
                            size_t buf_len, size_t already_sent)
{
    assert(!xso->aon_write_in_progress);

    xso->aon_write_in_progress = 1;
    xso->aon_buf_base          = buf;
    xso->aon_buf_pos           = already_sent;
    xso->aon_buf_len           = buf_len;
}

static void aon_write_finish(QUIC_XSO *xso)
{
    xso->aon_write_in_progress   = 0;
    xso->aon_buf_base            = NULL;
    xso->aon_buf_pos             = 0;
    xso->aon_buf_len             = 0;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_write_nonblocking_aon(QCTX *ctx, const void *buf,
                                      size_t len, size_t *written)
{
    QUIC_XSO *xso = ctx->xso;
    const void *actual_buf;
    size_t actual_len, actual_written = 0;
    int accept_moving_buffer
        = ((xso->ssl_mode & SSL_MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER) != 0);

    if (xso->aon_write_in_progress) {
        /*
         * We are in the middle of an AON write (i.e., a previous write did not
         * manage to append all data to the SSTREAM and we have Enable Partial
         * Write (EPW) mode disabled.)
         */
        if ((!accept_moving_buffer && xso->aon_buf_base != buf)
            || len != xso->aon_buf_len)
            /*
             * Pointer must not have changed if we are not in accept moving
             * buffer mode. Length must never change.
             */
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_R_BAD_WRITE_RETRY, NULL);

        actual_buf = (unsigned char *)buf + xso->aon_buf_pos;
        actual_len = len - xso->aon_buf_pos;
        assert(actual_len > 0);
    } else {
        actual_buf = buf;
        actual_len = len;
    }

    /* First make a best effort to append as much of the data as possible. */
    if (!xso_sstream_append(xso, actual_buf, actual_len, &actual_written)) {
        /* Stream already finished or allocation error. */
        *written = 0;
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
    }

    quic_post_write(xso, actual_written > 0, 1);

    if (actual_written == actual_len) {
        /* We have sent everything. */
        if (xso->aon_write_in_progress) {
            /*
             * We have sent everything, and we were in the middle of an AON
             * write. The output write length is the total length of the AON
             * buffer, not however many bytes we managed to write to the stream
             * in this call.
             */
            *written = xso->aon_buf_len;
            aon_write_finish(xso);
        } else {
            *written = actual_written;
        }

        return 1;
    }

    if (xso->aon_write_in_progress) {
        /*
         * AON write is in progress but we have not written everything yet. We
         * may have managed to send zero bytes, or some number of bytes less
         * than the total remaining which need to be appended during this
         * AON operation.
         */
        xso->aon_buf_pos += actual_written;
        assert(xso->aon_buf_pos < xso->aon_buf_len);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE);
    }

    /*
     * Not in an existing AON operation but partial write is not enabled, so we
     * need to begin a new AON operation. However we needn't bother if we didn't
     * actually append anything.
     */
    if (actual_written > 0)
        aon_write_begin(xso, buf, len, actual_written);

    /*
     * AON - We do not publicly admit to having appended anything until AON
     * completes.
     */
    *written = 0;
    return QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE);
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_write_nonblocking_epw(QCTX *ctx, const void *buf, size_t len,
                                      size_t *written)
{
    QUIC_XSO *xso = ctx->xso;

    /* Simple best effort operation. */
    if (!xso_sstream_append(xso, buf, len, written)) {
        /* Stream already finished or allocation error. */
        *written = 0;
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
    }

    quic_post_write(xso, *written > 0, 1);

    if (*written == 0)
        /* SSL_write_ex returns 0 if it didn't read anything .*/
        return QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ);

    return 1;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_validate_for_write(QUIC_XSO *xso, int *err)
{
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm;

    if (xso == NULL || xso->stream == NULL) {
        *err = ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        return 0;
    }

    switch (xso->stream->send_state) {
    default:
    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_NONE:
        *err = SSL_R_STREAM_RECV_ONLY;
        return 0;

    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_READY:
        qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(xso->conn->ch);

        if (!ossl_quic_stream_map_ensure_send_part_id(qsm, xso->stream)) {
            *err = ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR;
            return 0;
        }

        /* FALLTHROUGH */
    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_SEND:
    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_DATA_SENT:
    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_DATA_RECVD:
        if (ossl_quic_sstream_get_final_size(xso->stream->sstream, NULL)) {
            *err = SSL_R_STREAM_FINISHED;
            return 0;
        }

        return 1;

    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_RESET_SENT:
    case QUIC_SSTREAM_STATE_RESET_RECVD:
        *err = SSL_R_STREAM_RESET;
        return 0;
    }
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_write(SSL *s, const void *buf, size_t len, size_t *written)
{
    int ret;
    QCTX ctx;
    int partial_write, err;

    *written = 0;

    if (len == 0) {
        /* Do not autocreate default XSO for zero-length writes. */
        if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
            return 0;

        quic_lock_for_io(&ctx);
    } else {
        if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(s, /*remote_init=*/0, /*io=*/1, &ctx))
            return 0;
    }

    partial_write = ((ctx.xso != NULL)
        ? ((ctx.xso->ssl_mode & SSL_MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE) != 0) : 0);

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(ctx.qc, /*req_active=*/0)) {
        ret = QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    /*
     * If we haven't finished the handshake, try to advance it.
     * We don't accept writes until the handshake is completed.
     */
    if (quic_do_handshake(&ctx) < 1) {
        ret = 0;
        goto out;
    }

    /* Ensure correct stream state, stream send part not concluded, etc. */
    if (len > 0 && !quic_validate_for_write(ctx.xso, &err)) {
        ret = QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, err, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    if (len == 0) {
        ret = 1;
        goto out;
    }

    if (xso_blocking_mode(ctx.xso))
        ret = quic_write_blocking(&ctx, buf, len, written);
    else if (partial_write)
        ret = quic_write_nonblocking_epw(&ctx, buf, len, written);
    else
        ret = quic_write_nonblocking_aon(&ctx, buf, len, written);

out:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * SSL_read
 * --------
 */
struct quic_read_again_args {
    QCTX            *ctx;
    QUIC_STREAM     *stream;
    void            *buf;
    size_t          len;
    size_t          *bytes_read;
    int             peek;
};

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_validate_for_read(QUIC_XSO *xso, int *err, int *eos)
{
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm;

    *eos = 0;

    if (xso == NULL || xso->stream == NULL) {
        *err = ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        return 0;
    }

    switch (xso->stream->recv_state) {
    default:
    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_NONE:
        *err = SSL_R_STREAM_SEND_ONLY;
        return 0;

    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_RECV:
    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_SIZE_KNOWN:
    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_DATA_RECVD:
        return 1;

    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_DATA_READ:
        *eos = 1;
        return 0;

    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_RESET_RECVD:
        qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(xso->conn->ch);
        ossl_quic_stream_map_notify_app_read_reset_recv_part(qsm, xso->stream);

        /* FALLTHROUGH */
    case QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_RESET_READ:
        *err = SSL_R_STREAM_RESET;
        return 0;
    }
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_read_actual(QCTX *ctx,
                            QUIC_STREAM *stream,
                            void *buf, size_t buf_len,
                            size_t *bytes_read,
                            int peek)
{
    int is_fin = 0, err, eos;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = ctx->qc;

    if (!quic_validate_for_read(ctx->xso, &err, &eos)) {
        if (eos)
            return QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN);
        else
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, err, NULL);
    }

    if (peek) {
        if (!ossl_quic_rstream_peek(stream->rstream, buf, buf_len,
                                    bytes_read, &is_fin))
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);

    } else {
        if (!ossl_quic_rstream_read(stream->rstream, buf, buf_len,
                                    bytes_read, &is_fin))
            return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
    }

    if (!peek) {
        if (*bytes_read > 0) {
            /*
             * We have read at least one byte from the stream. Inform stream-level
             * RXFC of the retirement of controlled bytes. Update the active stream
             * status (the RXFC may now want to emit a frame granting more credit to
             * the peer).
             */
            OSSL_RTT_INFO rtt_info;

            ossl_statm_get_rtt_info(ossl_quic_channel_get_statm(qc->ch), &rtt_info);

            if (!ossl_quic_rxfc_on_retire(&stream->rxfc, *bytes_read,
                                          rtt_info.smoothed_rtt))
                return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        }

        if (is_fin && !peek) {
            QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx->qc->ch);

            ossl_quic_stream_map_notify_totally_read(qsm, ctx->xso->stream);
        }

        if (*bytes_read > 0)
            ossl_quic_stream_map_update_state(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch),
                                              stream);
    }

    if (*bytes_read == 0 && is_fin)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(ctx, SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN);

    return 1;
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int quic_read_again(void *arg)
{
    struct quic_read_again_args *args = arg;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(args->ctx->qc, /*req_active=*/1)) {
        /* If connection is torn down due to an error while blocking, stop. */
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(args->ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!quic_read_actual(args->ctx, args->stream,
                          args->buf, args->len, args->bytes_read,
                          args->peek))
        return -1;

    if (*args->bytes_read > 0)
        /* got at least one byte, the SSL_read op can finish now */
        return 1;

    return 0; /* did not read anything, keep trying */
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
static int quic_read(SSL *s, void *buf, size_t len, size_t *bytes_read, int peek)
{
    int ret, res;
    QCTX ctx;
    struct quic_read_again_args args;

    *bytes_read = 0;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock_for_io(&ctx);

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(ctx.qc, /*req_active=*/0)) {
        ret = QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    /* If we haven't finished the handshake, try to advance it. */
    if (quic_do_handshake(&ctx) < 1) {
        ret = 0; /* ossl_quic_do_handshake raised error here */
        goto out;
    }

    if (ctx.xso == NULL) {
        /*
         * Called on a QCSO and we don't currently have a default stream.
         *
         * Wait until we get a stream initiated by the peer (blocking mode) or
         * fail if we don't have one yet (non-blocking mode).
         */
        if (!qc_wait_for_default_xso_for_read(&ctx, /*peek=*/0)) {
            ret = 0; /* error already raised here */
            goto out;
        }

        ctx.xso = ctx.qc->default_xso;
    }

    if (!quic_read_actual(&ctx, ctx.xso->stream, buf, len, bytes_read, peek)) {
        ret = 0; /* quic_read_actual raised error here */
        goto out;
    }

    if (*bytes_read > 0) {
        /*
         * Even though we succeeded, tick the reactor here to ensure we are
         * handling other aspects of the QUIC connection.
         */
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch), 0);
        ret = 1;
    } else if (xso_blocking_mode(ctx.xso)) {
        /*
         * We were not able to read anything immediately, so our stream
         * buffer is empty. This means we need to block until we get
         * at least one byte.
         */
        args.ctx        = &ctx;
        args.stream     = ctx.xso->stream;
        args.buf        = buf;
        args.len        = len;
        args.bytes_read = bytes_read;
        args.peek       = peek;

        res = block_until_pred(ctx.qc, quic_read_again, &args, 0);
        if (res == 0) {
            ret = QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
            goto out;
        } else if (res < 0) {
            ret = 0; /* quic_read_again raised error here */
            goto out;
        }

        ret = 1;
    } else {
        /*
         * We did not get any bytes and are not in blocking mode.
         * Tick to see if this delivers any more.
         */
        ossl_quic_reactor_tick(ossl_quic_channel_get_reactor(ctx.qc->ch), 0);

        /* Try the read again. */
        if (!quic_read_actual(&ctx, ctx.xso->stream, buf, len, bytes_read, peek)) {
            ret = 0; /* quic_read_actual raised error here */
            goto out;
        }

        if (*bytes_read > 0)
            ret = 1; /* Succeeded this time. */
        else
            ret = QUIC_RAISE_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ);
    }

out:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

int ossl_quic_read(SSL *s, void *buf, size_t len, size_t *bytes_read)
{
    return quic_read(s, buf, len, bytes_read, 0);
}

int ossl_quic_peek(SSL *s, void *buf, size_t len, size_t *bytes_read)
{
    return quic_read(s, buf, len, bytes_read, 1);
}

/*
 * SSL_pending
 * -----------
 */

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
static size_t ossl_quic_pending_int(const SSL *s, int check_channel)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    size_t avail = 0;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (!ctx.qc->started)
        goto out;

    if (ctx.xso == NULL) {
        /* No XSO yet, but there might be a default XSO eligible to be created. */
        if (qc_wait_for_default_xso_for_read(&ctx, /*peek=*/1)) {
            ctx.xso = ctx.qc->default_xso;
        } else {
            QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_R_NO_STREAM, NULL);
            goto out;
        }
    }

    if (ctx.xso->stream == NULL) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    if (check_channel)
        avail = ossl_quic_stream_recv_pending(ctx.xso->stream,
                                              /*include_fin=*/1)
             || ossl_quic_channel_has_pending(ctx.qc->ch)
             || ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(ctx.qc->ch);
    else
        avail = ossl_quic_stream_recv_pending(ctx.xso->stream,
                                              /*include_fin=*/0);

out:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return avail;
}

size_t ossl_quic_pending(const SSL *s)
{
    return ossl_quic_pending_int(s, /*check_channel=*/0);
}

int ossl_quic_has_pending(const SSL *s)
{
    /* Do we have app-side pending data or pending URXEs or RXEs? */
    return ossl_quic_pending_int(s, /*check_channel=*/1) > 0;
}

/*
 * SSL_stream_conclude
 * -------------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_conn_stream_conclude(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    QUIC_STREAM *qs;
    int err;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(s, /*remote_init=*/0, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return 0;

    qs = ctx.xso->stream;

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(ctx.qc, /*req_active=*/1)) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
    }

    if (!quic_validate_for_write(ctx.xso, &err)) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, err, NULL);
    }

    if (ossl_quic_sstream_get_final_size(qs->sstream, NULL)) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return 1;
    }

    ossl_quic_sstream_fin(qs->sstream);
    quic_post_write(ctx.xso, 1, 1);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

/*
 * SSL_inject_net_dgram
 * --------------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int SSL_inject_net_dgram(SSL *s, const unsigned char *buf,
                         size_t buf_len,
                         const BIO_ADDR *peer,
                         const BIO_ADDR *local)
{
    int ret;
    QCTX ctx;
    QUIC_DEMUX *demux;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    demux = ossl_quic_channel_get0_demux(ctx.qc->ch);
    ret = ossl_quic_demux_inject(demux, buf, buf_len, peer, local);

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * SSL_get0_connection
 * -------------------
 */
SSL *ossl_quic_get0_connection(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    return &ctx.qc->ssl;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_stream_type
 * -------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_get_stream_type(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic(s, &ctx))
        return SSL_STREAM_TYPE_BIDI;

    if (ctx.xso == NULL) {
        /*
         * If deferred XSO creation has yet to occur, proceed according to the
         * default stream mode. If AUTO_BIDI or AUTO_UNI is set, we cannot know
         * what kind of stream will be created yet, so return BIDI on the basis
         * that at this time, the client still has the option of calling
         * SSL_read() or SSL_write() first.
         */
        if (ctx.qc->default_xso_created
            || ctx.qc->default_stream_mode == SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_NONE)
            return SSL_STREAM_TYPE_NONE;
        else
            return SSL_STREAM_TYPE_BIDI;
    }

    if (ossl_quic_stream_is_bidi(ctx.xso->stream))
        return SSL_STREAM_TYPE_BIDI;

    if (ossl_quic_stream_is_server_init(ctx.xso->stream) != ctx.qc->as_server)
        return SSL_STREAM_TYPE_READ;
    else
        return SSL_STREAM_TYPE_WRITE;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_stream_id
 * -----------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
uint64_t ossl_quic_get_stream_id(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    uint64_t id;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(s, /*remote_init=*/-1, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return UINT64_MAX;

    id = ctx.xso->stream->id;
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);

    return id;
}

/*
 * SSL_is_stream_local
 * -------------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_is_stream_local(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int is_local;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(s, /*remote_init=*/-1, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return -1;

    is_local = ossl_quic_stream_is_local_init(ctx.xso->stream);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);

    return is_local;
}

/*
 * SSL_set_default_stream_mode
 * ---------------------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_set_default_stream_mode(SSL *s, uint32_t mode)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (ctx.qc->default_xso_created) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_SHOULD_NOT_HAVE_BEEN_CALLED,
                                       "too late to change default stream mode");
    }

    switch (mode) {
    case SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_NONE:
    case SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_AUTO_BIDI:
    case SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_AUTO_UNI:
        ctx.qc->default_stream_mode = mode;
        break;
    default:
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
                                       "bad default stream type");
    }

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

/*
 * SSL_detach_stream
 * -----------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
SSL *ossl_quic_detach_stream(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    QUIC_XSO *xso = NULL;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    /* Calling this function inhibits default XSO autocreation. */
    /* QC ref to any default XSO is transferred to us and to caller. */
    qc_set_default_xso_keep_ref(ctx.qc, NULL, /*touch=*/1, &xso);

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);

    return xso != NULL ? &xso->ssl : NULL;
}

/*
 * SSL_attach_stream
 * -----------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_attach_stream(SSL *conn, SSL *stream)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    QUIC_XSO *xso;
    int nref;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(conn, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (stream == NULL || stream->type != SSL_TYPE_QUIC_XSO)
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_NULL_PARAMETER,
                                       "stream to attach must be a valid QUIC stream");

    xso = (QUIC_XSO *)stream;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (ctx.qc->default_xso != NULL) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_SHOULD_NOT_HAVE_BEEN_CALLED,
                                       "connection already has a default stream");
    }

    /*
     * It is a caller error for the XSO being attached as a default XSO to have
     * more than one ref.
     */
    if (!CRYPTO_GET_REF(&xso->ssl.references, &nref)) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                       "ref");
    }

    if (nref != 1) {
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
                                       "stream being attached must have "
                                       "only 1 reference");
    }

    /* Caller's reference to the XSO is transferred to us. */
    /* Calling this function inhibits default XSO autocreation. */
    qc_set_default_xso(ctx.qc, xso, /*touch=*/1);

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

/*
 * SSL_set_incoming_stream_policy
 * ------------------------------
 */
QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int qc_get_effective_incoming_stream_policy(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    switch (qc->incoming_stream_policy) {
        case SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_AUTO:
            if ((qc->default_xso == NULL && !qc->default_xso_created)
                || qc->default_stream_mode == SSL_DEFAULT_STREAM_MODE_NONE)
                return SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_ACCEPT;
            else
                return SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_REJECT;

        default:
            return qc->incoming_stream_policy;
    }
}

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static void qc_update_reject_policy(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc)
{
    int policy = qc_get_effective_incoming_stream_policy(qc);
    int enable_reject = (policy == SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_REJECT);

    ossl_quic_channel_set_incoming_stream_auto_reject(qc->ch,
                                                      enable_reject,
                                                      qc->incoming_stream_aec);
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
int ossl_quic_set_incoming_stream_policy(SSL *s, int policy,
                                         uint64_t aec)
{
    int ret = 1;
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    switch (policy) {
    case SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_AUTO:
    case SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_ACCEPT:
    case SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_REJECT:
        ctx.qc->incoming_stream_policy = policy;
        ctx.qc->incoming_stream_aec    = aec;
        break;

    default:
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT, NULL);
        ret = 0;
        break;
    }

    qc_update_reject_policy(ctx.qc);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * SSL_accept_stream
 * -----------------
 */
struct wait_for_incoming_stream_args {
    QCTX            *ctx;
    QUIC_STREAM     *qs;
};

QUIC_NEEDS_LOCK
static int wait_for_incoming_stream(void *arg)
{
    struct wait_for_incoming_stream_args *args = arg;
    QUIC_CONNECTION *qc = args->ctx->qc;
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(qc->ch);

    if (!quic_mutation_allowed(qc, /*req_active=*/1)) {
        /* If connection is torn down due to an error while blocking, stop. */
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(args->ctx, SSL_R_PROTOCOL_IS_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        return -1;
    }

    args->qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_peek_accept_queue(qsm);
    if (args->qs != NULL)
        return 1; /* got a stream */

    return 0; /* did not get a stream, keep trying */
}

QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
SSL *ossl_quic_accept_stream(SSL *s, uint64_t flags)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int ret;
    SSL *new_s = NULL;
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm;
    QUIC_STREAM *qs;
    QUIC_XSO *xso;
    OSSL_RTT_INFO rtt_info;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    if (qc_get_effective_incoming_stream_policy(ctx.qc)
        == SSL_INCOMING_STREAM_POLICY_REJECT) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_SHOULD_NOT_HAVE_BEEN_CALLED, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    qsm = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx.qc->ch);

    qs = ossl_quic_stream_map_peek_accept_queue(qsm);
    if (qs == NULL) {
        if (qc_blocking_mode(ctx.qc)
            && (flags & SSL_ACCEPT_STREAM_NO_BLOCK) == 0) {
            struct wait_for_incoming_stream_args args;

            args.ctx = &ctx;
            args.qs = NULL;

            ret = block_until_pred(ctx.qc, wait_for_incoming_stream, &args, 0);
            if (ret == 0) {
                QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
                goto out;
            } else if (ret < 0 || args.qs == NULL) {
                goto out;
            }

            qs = args.qs;
        } else {
            goto out;
        }
    }

    xso = create_xso_from_stream(ctx.qc, qs);
    if (xso == NULL)
        goto out;

    ossl_statm_get_rtt_info(ossl_quic_channel_get_statm(ctx.qc->ch), &rtt_info);
    ossl_quic_stream_map_remove_from_accept_queue(qsm, qs,
                                                  rtt_info.smoothed_rtt);
    new_s = &xso->ssl;

    /* Calling this function inhibits default XSO autocreation. */
    qc_touch_default_xso(ctx.qc); /* inhibits default XSO */

out:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return new_s;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_accept_stream_queue_len
 * -------------------------------
 */
QUIC_TAKES_LOCK
size_t ossl_quic_get_accept_stream_queue_len(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    size_t v;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    v = ossl_quic_stream_map_get_accept_queue_len(ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx.qc->ch));

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return v;
}

/*
 * SSL_stream_reset
 * ----------------
 */
int ossl_quic_stream_reset(SSL *ssl,
                           const SSL_STREAM_RESET_ARGS *args,
                           size_t args_len)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    QUIC_STREAM_MAP *qsm;
    QUIC_STREAM *qs;
    uint64_t error_code;
    int ok, err;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(ssl, /*remote_init=*/0, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return 0;

    qsm         = ossl_quic_channel_get_qsm(ctx.qc->ch);
    qs          = ctx.xso->stream;
    error_code  = (args != NULL ? args->quic_error_code : 0);

    if (!quic_validate_for_write(ctx.xso, &err)) {
        ok = QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, err, NULL);
        goto err;
    }

    ok = ossl_quic_stream_map_reset_stream_send_part(qsm, qs, error_code);

err:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ok;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_stream_read_state
 * -------------------------
 */
static void quic_classify_stream(QUIC_CONNECTION *qc,
                                 QUIC_STREAM *qs,
                                 int is_write,
                                 int *state,
                                 uint64_t *app_error_code)
{
    int local_init;
    uint64_t final_size;

    local_init = (ossl_quic_stream_is_server_init(qs) == qc->as_server);

    if (app_error_code != NULL)
        *app_error_code = UINT64_MAX;
    else
        app_error_code = &final_size; /* throw away value */

    if (!ossl_quic_stream_is_bidi(qs) && local_init != is_write) {
        /*
         * Unidirectional stream and this direction of transmission doesn't
         * exist.
         */
        *state = SSL_STREAM_STATE_WRONG_DIR;
    } else if (ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(qc->ch)) {
        /* Connection already closed. */
        *state = SSL_STREAM_STATE_CONN_CLOSED;
    } else if (!is_write && qs->recv_state == QUIC_RSTREAM_STATE_DATA_READ) {
        /* Application has read a FIN. */
        *state = SSL_STREAM_STATE_FINISHED;
    } else if ((!is_write && qs->stop_sending)
               || (is_write && ossl_quic_stream_send_is_reset(qs))) {
        /*
         * Stream has been reset locally. FIN takes precedence over this for the
         * read case as the application need not care if the stream is reset
         * after a FIN has been successfully processed.
         */
        *state          = SSL_STREAM_STATE_RESET_LOCAL;
        *app_error_code = !is_write
            ? qs->stop_sending_aec
            : qs->reset_stream_aec;
    } else if ((!is_write && ossl_quic_stream_recv_is_reset(qs))
               || (is_write && qs->peer_stop_sending)) {
        /*
         * Stream has been reset remotely. */
        *state          = SSL_STREAM_STATE_RESET_REMOTE;
        *app_error_code = !is_write
            ? qs->peer_reset_stream_aec
            : qs->peer_stop_sending_aec;
    } else if (is_write && ossl_quic_sstream_get_final_size(qs->sstream,
                                                            &final_size)) {
        /*
         * Stream has been finished. Stream reset takes precedence over this for
         * the write case as peer may not have received all data.
         */
        *state = SSL_STREAM_STATE_FINISHED;
    } else {
        /* Stream still healthy. */
        *state = SSL_STREAM_STATE_OK;
    }
}

static int quic_get_stream_state(SSL *ssl, int is_write)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int state;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(ssl, /*remote_init=*/-1, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return SSL_STREAM_STATE_NONE;

    quic_classify_stream(ctx.qc, ctx.xso->stream, is_write, &state, NULL);
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return state;
}

int ossl_quic_get_stream_read_state(SSL *ssl)
{
    return quic_get_stream_state(ssl, /*is_write=*/0);
}

/*
 * SSL_get_stream_write_state
 * --------------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_get_stream_write_state(SSL *ssl)
{
    return quic_get_stream_state(ssl, /*is_write=*/1);
}

/*
 * SSL_get_stream_read_error_code
 * ------------------------------
 */
static int quic_get_stream_error_code(SSL *ssl, int is_write,
                                      uint64_t *app_error_code)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int state;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(ssl, /*remote_init=*/-1, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return -1;

    quic_classify_stream(ctx.qc, ctx.xso->stream, /*is_write=*/0,
                         &state, app_error_code);

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    switch (state) {
        case SSL_STREAM_STATE_FINISHED:
             return 0;
        case SSL_STREAM_STATE_RESET_LOCAL:
        case SSL_STREAM_STATE_RESET_REMOTE:
             return 1;
        default:
             return -1;
    }
}

int ossl_quic_get_stream_read_error_code(SSL *ssl, uint64_t *app_error_code)
{
    return quic_get_stream_error_code(ssl, /*is_write=*/0, app_error_code);
}

/*
 * SSL_get_stream_write_error_code
 * -------------------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_get_stream_write_error_code(SSL *ssl, uint64_t *app_error_code)
{
    return quic_get_stream_error_code(ssl, /*is_write=*/1, app_error_code);
}

/*
 * Write buffer size mutation
 * --------------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_set_write_buffer_size(SSL *ssl, size_t size)
{
    int ret = 0;
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_with_stream_lock(ssl, /*remote_init=*/-1, /*io=*/0, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (!ossl_quic_stream_has_send(ctx.xso->stream)) {
        /* Called on a unidirectional receive-only stream - error. */
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_SHOULD_NOT_HAVE_BEEN_CALLED, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    if (!ossl_quic_stream_has_send_buffer(ctx.xso->stream)) {
        /*
         * If the stream has a send part but we have disposed of it because we
         * no longer need it, this is a no-op.
         */
        ret = 1;
        goto out;
    }

    if (!ossl_quic_sstream_set_buffer_size(ctx.xso->stream->sstream, size)) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR, NULL);
        goto out;
    }

    ret = 1;

out:
    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_conn_close_info
 * -----------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_get_conn_close_info(SSL *ssl,
                                  SSL_CONN_CLOSE_INFO *info,
                                  size_t info_len)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    const QUIC_TERMINATE_CAUSE *tc;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(ssl, &ctx))
        return -1;

    tc = ossl_quic_channel_get_terminate_cause(ctx.qc->ch);
    if (tc == NULL)
        return 0;

    info->error_code    = tc->error_code;
    info->frame_type    = tc->frame_type;
    info->reason        = tc->reason;
    info->reason_len    = tc->reason_len;
    info->flags         = 0;
    if (!tc->remote)
        info->flags |= SSL_CONN_CLOSE_FLAG_LOCAL;
    if (!tc->app)
        info->flags |= SSL_CONN_CLOSE_FLAG_TRANSPORT;
    return 1;
}

/*
 * SSL_key_update
 * --------------
 */
int ossl_quic_key_update(SSL *ssl, int update_type)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(ssl, &ctx))
        return 0;

    switch (update_type) {
    case SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NOT_REQUESTED:
        /*
         * QUIC signals peer key update implicily by triggering a local
         * spontaneous TXKU. Silently upgrade this to SSL_KEY_UPDATE_REQUESTED.
         */
    case SSL_KEY_UPDATE_REQUESTED:
        break;

    default:
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, ERR_R_PASSED_INVALID_ARGUMENT, NULL);
        return 0;
    }

    quic_lock(ctx.qc);

    /* Attempt to perform a TXKU. */
    if (!ossl_quic_channel_trigger_txku(ctx.qc->ch)) {
        QUIC_RAISE_NON_NORMAL_ERROR(&ctx, SSL_R_TOO_MANY_KEY_UPDATES, NULL);
        quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
        return 0;
    }

    quic_unlock(ctx.qc);
    return 1;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_key_update_type
 * -----------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_get_key_update_type(const SSL *s)
{
    /*
     * We always handle key updates immediately so a key update is never
     * pending.
     */
    return SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NONE;
}

/*
 * QUIC Front-End I/O API: SSL_CTX Management
 * ==========================================
 */

long ossl_quic_ctx_ctrl(SSL_CTX *ctx, int cmd, long larg, void *parg)
{
    switch (cmd) {
    default:
        return ssl3_ctx_ctrl(ctx, cmd, larg, parg);
    }
}

long ossl_quic_callback_ctrl(SSL *s, int cmd, void (*fp) (void))
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    switch (cmd) {
    case SSL_CTRL_SET_MSG_CALLBACK:
        ossl_quic_channel_set_msg_callback(ctx.qc->ch, (ossl_msg_cb)fp,
                                           &ctx.qc->ssl);
        /* This callback also needs to be set on the internal SSL object */
        return ssl3_callback_ctrl(ctx.qc->tls, cmd, fp);;

    default:
        /* Probably a TLS related ctrl. Defer to our internal SSL object */
        return ssl3_callback_ctrl(ctx.qc->tls, cmd, fp);
    }
}

long ossl_quic_ctx_callback_ctrl(SSL_CTX *ctx, int cmd, void (*fp) (void))
{
    return ssl3_ctx_callback_ctrl(ctx, cmd, fp);
}

int ossl_quic_renegotiate_check(SSL *ssl, int initok)
{
    /* We never do renegotiation. */
    return 0;
}

const SSL_CIPHER *ossl_quic_get_cipher_by_char(const unsigned char *p)
{
    const SSL_CIPHER *ciph = ssl3_get_cipher_by_char(p);

    if ((ciph->algorithm2 & SSL_QUIC) == 0)
        return NULL;

    return ciph;
}

/*
 * These functions define the TLSv1.2 (and below) ciphers that are supported by
 * the SSL_METHOD. Since QUIC only supports TLSv1.3 we don't support any.
 */

int ossl_quic_num_ciphers(void)
{
    return 0;
}

const SSL_CIPHER *ossl_quic_get_cipher(unsigned int u)
{
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * SSL_get_shutdown()
 * ------------------
 */
int ossl_quic_get_shutdown(const SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;
    int shut = 0;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return 0;

    if (ossl_quic_channel_is_term_any(ctx.qc->ch)) {
        shut |= SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN;
        if (!ossl_quic_channel_is_closing(ctx.qc->ch))
            shut |= SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN;
    }

    return shut;
}

/*
 * Internal Testing APIs
 * =====================
 */

QUIC_CHANNEL *ossl_quic_conn_get_channel(SSL *s)
{
    QCTX ctx;

    if (!expect_quic_conn_only(s, &ctx))
        return NULL;

    return ctx.qc->ch;
}
